Choose the right language for your automation testing needs
The enterprise standard for test automation
Java is the most widely-used language for test automation, especially in enterprise environments. It offers robust frameworks, excellent IDE support, and strong typing that helps catch errors early. Java's popularity in testing stems from its reliability, extensive ecosystem, and the fact that many applications are built with Java.
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.testng.Assert;
import org.testng.annotations.*;
public class LoginTest {
WebDriver driver;
@BeforeMethod
public void setUp() {
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.get("https://example.com/login");
}
@Test
public void testSuccessfulLogin() {
driver.findElement(By.id("username")).sendKeys("testuser");
driver.findElement(By.id("password")).sendKeys("password123");
driver.findElement(By.id("login-btn")).click();
String welcomeMsg = driver.findElement(By.className("welcome")).getText();
Assert.assertTrue(welcomeMsg.contains("Welcome"), "Login failed");
}
@AfterMethod
public void tearDown() {
if (driver != null) {
driver.quit();
}
}
}
Easy to learn, powerful for testing and AI/ML integration
Python's simple syntax and extensive libraries make it an excellent choice for test automation. It's particularly popular for teams integrating AI/ML capabilities into testing, data-driven testing, and rapid prototyping. Python's readability makes test scripts easier to maintain and understand.
import pytest
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
class TestLogin:
@pytest.fixture
def driver(self):
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get("https://example.com/login")
yield driver
driver.quit()
def test_successful_login(self, driver):
# Enter credentials
driver.find_element(By.ID, "username").send_keys("testuser")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("password123")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()
# Verify login
welcome_msg = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "welcome").text
assert "Welcome" in welcome_msg, "Login failed"
def test_invalid_login(self, driver):
driver.find_element(By.ID, "username").send_keys("invalid")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "password").send_keys("wrong")
driver.find_element(By.ID, "login-btn").click()
error_msg = driver.find_element(By.CLASS_NAME, "error").text
assert "Invalid credentials" in error_msg
Native to web, perfect for modern frameworks
JavaScript and TypeScript are ideal for testing web applications, especially modern single-page applications (SPAs). Being the language of the web, JavaScript enables seamless integration with front-end codebases. TypeScript adds static typing for better code quality and IDE support.
import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';
test.describe('Login Tests', () => {
test.beforeEach(async ({ page }) => {
await page.goto('https://example.com/login');
});
test('successful login redirects to dashboard', async ({ page }) => {
// Fill login form
await page.fill('#username', 'testuser');
await page.fill('#password', 'password123');
await page.click('#login-btn');
// Verify redirect and welcome message
await expect(page).toHaveURL(/.*dashboard/);
await expect(page.locator('.welcome')).toContainText('Welcome');
});
test('invalid credentials show error', async ({ page }) => {
await page.fill('#username', 'invalid');
await page.fill('#password', 'wrong');
await page.click('#login-btn');
await expect(page.locator('.error')).toBeVisible();
await expect(page.locator('.error')).toContainText('Invalid');
});
});
Microsoft ecosystem's powerhouse for testing
C# is the go-to language for testing applications built on the Microsoft .NET framework. It offers excellent Visual Studio integration, strong typing, and modern language features. C# is particularly popular in enterprise environments using Microsoft technologies.
using NUnit.Framework;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
namespace TestAutomation
{
[TestFixture]
public class LoginTests
{
private IWebDriver driver;
[SetUp]
public void Setup()
{
driver = new ChromeDriver();
driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://example.com/login");
}
[Test]
public void TestSuccessfulLogin()
{
driver.FindElement(By.Id("username")).SendKeys("testuser");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("password")).SendKeys("password123");
driver.FindElement(By.Id("login-btn")).Click();
string welcomeMsg = driver.FindElement(By.ClassName("welcome")).Text;
Assert.That(welcomeMsg, Does.Contain("Welcome"));
}
[TearDown]
public void Cleanup()
{
driver?.Quit();
}
}
}